Aug. 19 at 10:38 AM
$IBM IBM connects first modular cryogenic systems to link hundreds of quantum chips
IBM announced it has successfully joined and cooled down two cryogenic modules into a single environment. The new architecture is designed to scale into the modular, shared, and ultra-cold system required to link hundreds of quantum chips into a more powerful quantum computer capable of solving large problems. The company said its deployment is a milestone on IBM's path to delivering IBM Quantum Starling in 2029, which is expected to be the world's first fault-tolerant quantum computer and will integrate advances across error correction, processor design, decoding, and systems engineering.
Combined, the first two operational modules stand more than eight feet tall and eight feet wide, and initial tests demonstrated they can jointly cool down to four Kelvin in under five days, reaching a final temperature of below 15 millikelvin shortly after. Each module's vacuum enclosure offers up to 12 times more wiring space than the most widely used IBM quantum systems, enabling more chip-to-chip connections both within and between modules. IBM's new box-shaped design allows modules to connect in a tight row and use this larger space to directly link quantum processors with IBM's "L-coupler" technology. L-couplers connect separate quantum chips together to share information, communicate, and operate as part of a larger quantum computer.
By 2027, IBM's quantum roadmap plans to use L-couplers to link multiple processors into a larger quantum computer with at least 1,000 programmable qubits, which are qubits that can be directly used to perform computations. Towards this goal, IBM will install IBM Quantum Nighthawk processors into the cryogenic modules later this year to expand operational performance testing. At the time Starling is delivered, IBM plans for each cryogenic module to house thousands of qubits. "Bringing fault-tolerant quantum computers to industries depends on several fundamental advances," said Jay Gambetta, Director of IBM Research and IBM Fellow. "The successful connection and operation of these cryogenic modules signals a leap forward in that direction and will accelerate our progress alongside continued innovation in quantum hardware, software, and algorithms."
